铁艺栏杆以其简洁、明快、高雅之风，在很多欧式风格的建筑物、园林中得到广泛应用，将建筑线条的硬朗，通过栏杆流畅的线条进行弱化，以保障整体风格的协调统一，刚柔相济。是很多设计师笔下必不可少的素材。当我们在欣赏济南铁艺护栏带给我们的美感之时，也来了解一下它的工艺、施工及成本组成。

Iron railings are widely used in many European style buildings and gardens due to their simplicity, lightness, and elegance. They weaken the rigidity of the building lines through the smooth lines of the railings, ensuring the coordination and unity of the overall style, combining hardness and softness. It is an essential material for many designers. As we appreciate the beauty brought by Jinan Iron Art Guardrail, let's also learn about its craftsmanship, construction, and cost composition.

一、基本流程：

1、 Basic process:

掌握客户的要求→初步设计→与客户沟通确定方→设计图纸→放样→加工制作→表面处理→涂装包装→安装。

Mastering customer requirements → Preliminary design → Communication with customers to determine the method → Design drawings → Setting out → Processing and production → Surface treatment → Coating and packaging → Installation.

二、加工前材料的处理：

2、 Material treatment before processing:

1、原辅料验收（扁钢、矩管、方钢、方管、焊条、油漆）。

1. Acceptance of raw and auxiliary materials (flat steel, rectangular tube, square steel, square tube, welding rod, paint).

2、各原材料按相关的验收标准文件规定验收。

2. All raw materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant acceptance standard documents.

3、包装材料按相关的检验标准文件规定验收。

3. The packaging materials shall be inspected and accepted according to the relevant inspection standard documents.

4、配料：焊丝、焊条。

4. Ingredients: High quality welding wire and electrode.

5、打样：由电脑设计图纸按比例出小样。

5. Proofing: Produce small samples proportionally based on computer design drawings.

6、铁艺护栏中常用的金属加工工艺有铸造工艺、锻造工艺、焊接工艺等（热加工工艺）和钳工工艺（冷加工工艺的一种），有时也借助机床加工。

6. The commonly used metal processing processes in the iron guardrail include casting process, forging process, welding process, etc. (Hot working process) and fitter process (one of the cold processing processes), sometimes with the help of machine tools.

7、锻造工艺：铁艺的锻造工艺适合于小作坊生产，所需主要有铁坫、铁锤、钳子、凿子、鼓风机等工具。

7. Forging process: The forging process of Iron Art is suitable for small workshop production, and the main tools required include iron gobs, hammers, pliers, chisels, blowers, and other tools.

8、焊接工艺：焊接是一种性连接金属材料的方法，焊接在铁艺加工中属于后加工，常采用的焊接有手工电弧焊和气焊。

8. Welding process: welding is a method of permanently connecting metal materials. Welding in iron processing belongs to post-processing. Shielded metal arc welding and gas welding are commonly used.

9、铸造工艺：铁艺中的很多构件，甚整体都是通过铸造工艺完成的。铸铁可分为灰口铸铁、白口铸铁、麻口铸铁。铁艺的包装，主要为了避免铁艺成品在搬运、安装过程中的刮蹭、磨损，需根据具体的运输、安装条件考虑不同的包装方案。大多使用塑料薄膜、纸张、草绳等物包装。

9. Casting process: Many components, even the whole, in iron art are completed through casting process. Cast iron can be divided into Gray iron, white cast iron and hemp cast iron. The packaging of iron products is mainly to avoid scratches and wear during transportation and installation, and different packaging schemes need to be considered based on specific transportation and installation conditions. Most of them are packaged with plastic film, paper, straw rope, and other materials.

三、相关要求

3、 Relevant requirements

1、楼梯栏杆设计与扶手距离。

1. Stair railing design and distance from railing.

2、选择要设置栏杆的踏步的级和后一级的水准线。

2. Select the level lines of the first and second steps of the railing to be set.

3、选择踏步踏板间的水平距离，将踏板数加起来，但不算连着平台的后一级踏步。

3. Select the horizontal distance between the step pedals, add up the number of pedals, but do not count the next step connected to the platform.

4、用这些数据建造一直角三角形，使其两直角边为以上尺寸，则直角三角形的斜边就是栏杆的斜度，扶手在相应的高度上与这条线平行。

4. Use these data to build a Right triangle so that its two Cathetus are above the size, then the bevel of the Right triangle is the slope of the railing, and the railing is parallel to this line at the corresponding height.

5、然后就是休息平台接合点与栏杆底部的设计，扶手的设计要经得住水平方向50kg/的荷载，必须用硬制材料制成，并采取保护措施以防止人坠下或坠物砸伤下面的人。

5. Then there is the design of the connection point between the rest platform and the bottom of the railing. The design of the railing must withstand a horizontal load of 50kg/square meter, and must be made of hard material, with protective measures taken to prevent people from falling or objects from injuring people below.

6、栏杆的分栏在水平或竖直方向上都不允许一只11cm的球体通过，栏杆柱的直径少为20mm。

6. The partition of the railing is not allowed to pass through an 11cm sphere in either the horizontal or vertical direction, and the diameter of the railing column is at least 20mm.

7、栏杆的水平划分要求不能使小孩爬过。

7. The horizontal division of the railing requires that children should not climb over it.

8、使用点焊可以被轻易地安装在楼梯的结构上，通过变动金属棍的数量、抛光程度、颜色，终效果可以与任何风格形式的室内设计达成统一。

8. Spot welding can be easily installed on the structure of stairs, and the final effect can be unified with any style of interior design by changing the number, polishing degree, and color of metal rods.

9、扶手的形状必须要给手的掌控以舒适的感觉，通过剖面以及功能上的调和，直径在3—5cm间的矩管比较适合。扶手离墙少4cm之远，如果扶手是双层扶手，那么两扶手之间的距离少要有10cm。

9. The shape of the armrest must give the hand a comfortable feeling of control, and through the coordination of profile and function, a rectangular tube with a diameter of 3-5 cm is more suitable. The handrail should be 4cm away from the wall. If the handrail is a double-layer handrail, the distance between the two handrails should be at least 10cm.

10、从楼梯的坡道开始栏杆必须是连续的。如果扶手的转角没有作成圆弧状，那么扶手的转折线必须在休息平台上面后一级和级踏步的踢板线上。

10. The railing must be continuous from the slope of the staircase. If the corner of the handrail is not rounded, the turning line of the handrail must be on the kickboard line of the last and first steps above the rest platform.

11、选择不同材质的栏杆必须与扶手相协调。

11. The selection of railings of different materials must be coordinated with the railing.

12、阳台栏杆必须采用防止儿童攀登的构造，栏杆的垂直杆件间净距不应大0.11m，放置花盆处必须采取防坠落措施。

12. The balcony railing must be constructed to prevent children from climbing, and the clear distance between the vertical bars of the railing should not be greater than 0.11m. Anti fall measures must be taken at the place where the flower pot is placed.

铁艺栏杆使用的主要材料有：扁管、方管、扁铁、冲压图形、表面油漆等。具体的您可以先来联系我们http://www.jnghbxg.com咨询！

The main materials used for iron railings include flat pipes, square pipes, flat iron, stamped graphics, surface paint, etc. You can contact us first for specific prices http://www.jnghbxg.com consulting service