Light steel structure is a new type of structure developed on the basis of ordinary steel structure, which includes all the steel structures used under the light roof.

　　与普通钢构造相比，有较好的经济指标。轻型钢构造不只自重轻、钢材用量省、施工速度快，而且它自身具有较强的抗震才能，并能进步整个房屋的综合抗震性能。是目前工业厂房应用较普遍的一种构造。

　　Compared with common steel structure, it has better economic index. Light steel structure not only has light weight, low steel consumption and fast construction speed, but also has strong seismic ability, and can improve the comprehensive seismic performance of the whole building. At present, it is a kind of structure widely used in industrial plant.

　　轻型钢构造由根底梁、柱、檩条、层面和墙体组成

　　Light steel structure is composed of bottom beam, column, purlin, floor and wall.

　　单层轻型房屋普通采用门式刚架

　　Portal frame is commonly used in single-storey light-weight houses.

　　屋架

　　roof truss

　　网架

　　Space truss

　　门式刚架的方式

　　The way of portal frame

　　刚架的方式及特性

　　The Way and Characteristic of Rigid Frame

　　1、采用轻型屋面，不只可减小梁柱截面尺寸，根底也相应减小。

　　1. Using light roof can not only reduce the cross-section size of beam and column, but also reduce the root.

　　2、在多跨建筑中可做成一个屋脊的大双坡屋面，为长坡面排水发明了条件。设中间柱可减小横梁的跨度，从而降低造价。中间柱采用钢管制造的上下铰接摇晃柱，占空间小。

　　2. The large double-slope roof which can be made into a roof in a multi-span building has created conditions for long-slope drainage. The middle column can reduce the span of the cross beam and reduce the cost. The middle column is articulated by steel pipe, which occupies a small space.

　　3、刚架的侧向刚度有檩条的支撑保证，省去纵向刚性构件，并减小翼缘宽度。

　　3. The lateral stiffness of the rigid frame is guaranteed by purlin support, which eliminates the longitudinal rigid members and reduces the flange width.

　　4、刚架可采用变截面，截面与弯矩成正比；变截面时依据需求可改动腹板的高度和厚度及翼缘的宽度，做到材尽其用。

　　4. The rigid frame can adopt variable cross-section, which is proportional to the bending moment. When the cross-section is changed, the height and thickness of web and the width of flange can be changed according to the demand, so as to make the best use of the material.

　　5、刚架的腹板可按有效宽度设计，即允许局部腹板失稳，并可应用其屈曲后强度。

　　5. The web of rigid frame can be designed according to the effective width, that is to say, local web instability can be allowed and post-buckling strength can be applied.

　　6、竖向荷载通常是设计的控制荷载，但当风荷载较大或房屋较高时，风荷载的作用不应无视。在轻屋面门式刚架中，地震作用普通不起控制造用。

　　6. Vertical loads are usually designed as control loads, but when wind loads are large or buildings are high, the effect of wind loads should not be ignored. In portal frames with light roofs, earthquake action is usually not controlled.

　　7、支撑可做得较笨重。将其直接或用程度节点板衔接在腹板上，可采用张紧的圆钢。

　　7. The support can be made heavy. The tensioned round steel can be used to connect it directly or with a degree joint plate on the web.

　　8、构造构件可全部在工厂制造，工业化水平高。构件单元可依据运输条件划分，单元之间在现场用螺栓相连，装置便当快速，土建施工量小。

　　8. Structural components can be manufactured in factories with a high level of industrialization. Component units can be divided according to transportation conditions. The units are connected by bolts in the field. The device is convenient and fast, and the amount of civil construction is small.

　　济南轻型钢结构

　　Jinan Light Steel Structure

　　檩条

　　Purlin

　　檩条的方式：檩条宜优先采用实腹式构件，也可采用空腹式或格构式构件。檩条普通为单跨简支构件，实腹式檩条也可是连续构件。

　　Purlins: Purlins should be preferred to solid-web components, or open-web or lattice components. Purlins are usually single-span simple-supported members, and solid-web purlins are also continuous members.

　　空腹式檩条：空腹式檩条由角钢的上、下弦和缀板焊接组成，其主要特性是用钢量较少，能合理天时用小角钢和薄钢板，因缀板间距较密，拼装和焊接的工作量较大，故应用较少。

　　Open-web purlin: Open-web purlin is composed of upper and lower chords of angle steel and batten plate welding. Its main characteristics are less steel, small angle steel and thin steel plate can be used in reasonable days. Because the batch plate spacing is relatively close, the workload of assembly and welding is large, so its application is less.

　　格构式檩条：格构式檩条可采用平面桁架式、空间桁架式及下撑式檩条。

　　Lattice Purlins: Lattice Purlins can be planar truss purlins, space truss purlins and brace purlins.

　　实腹式檩条

　　Purlin with solid web

　　1、槽钢檩条

　　1. Channel purlin

　　分普通槽钢檩条和轻型槽钢檩条两种。普通槽钢檩条（图a）；因型材的厚度较厚，强度不能充沛发挥，用钢量较大。轻型槽钢檩条虽比普通槽钢檩条有所改良，但仍不够理想。

　　There are two kinds of purlin: ordinary channel steel purlin and light channel steel purlin. Ordinary channel purlin (Fig. a); because of the thicker section thickness, the strength can not be fully exerted, and the amount of steel used is larger. Although light channel purlin is improved compared with ordinary channel purlin, it is still not ideal.

　　2、高频焊接轻型H型钢檩条；高频焊接轻型H型钢(以下简称“轻型H型钢”)系引进国外先进技术消费的一种轻型型钢（图b），具有腹板薄、抗弯刚度好、两主轴方向的惯性矩比拟接近，以及翼缘板平直易于衔接等优点。

　　2. High frequency welding light H-section purlin; High frequency welding light H-section steel (hereinafter referred to as "light H-section steel") is a kind of light steel consumed by importing advanced foreign technology (Fig. b), which has the advantages of thin web, good bending stiffness, similar inertia moment in the direction of two spindles, and flange plate is flat and easy to connect.

　　3、卷边槽形冷弯薄壁型钢檩条：卷边槽形(C形)冷弯薄壁型钢檩条（图c）的截面互换性大，应用普遍，用钢量省，制造和装置便当。

　　3. Cold-formed thin-walled purlin with crimped groove: The cross-section interchangeability of crimped groove (C-shaped) cold-formed thin-walled purlin (Figure C) is large, and it is widely used. It has less steel consumption and convenient manufacture and installation.

　　4、卷边Z形冷弯薄壁型钢檩条：分直卷边Z形（图d）和斜卷边Z形（图e）。它的主平面x轴的刚度大，用作檩条时挠度小，用钢量省，制造和装置便当。斜卷边Z形钢寄存时还可叠层堆放，占地少。当屋面坡度较大时，这种檩条的应用较为普遍。

　　4. Curled Z-shaped cold-formed thin-walled purlin: straight curled Z-shaped (Figure d) and oblique curled Z-shaped (Figure e e e). Its main plane X-axis has large stiffness, small deflection when used as purlin, less steel consumption and convenient manufacture and installation. The oblique rolled Z-shaped steel can also be stacked in stacks and occupy less space. When the roof slope is large, the purlin is widely used.

　　檩条的衔接结构

　　Connection structure of purlin

　　檩条与屋面应牢靠衔接，以保证屋面能起阻止檩条侧向失稳和改变的作用，这对普通不需验算整体稳定性的实腹式檩条尤为重要。

　　Purlin and roof should be firmly connected to ensure that the roof can prevent purlin lateral instability and change, which is particularly important for ordinary purlin without checking the overall stability.

　　檩条与压型钢板屋面的衔接，宜采用带橡胶垫圈的自攻螺钉。

　　The self-tapping screw with rubber washer is suitable for the connection between purlin and profiled steel roof.

　　檩条的拉条和撑杆：相互采用螺栓衔接。

　　Purlin tension bar and support rod: bolt connection is used for each other.

　　檩条在屋架(刚架)上的布置和放置

　　Arrangement and Placement of Purlins on Roof Frames (Rigid Frames)

　　1、为使屋架上弦杆不产生弯矩，檩条宜位于屋架上弦节点处。当采用内天沟时，边檩应尽量靠近天沟。

　　1. Purlins should be located at the upper chord joints of roof truss in order to avoid bending moment of the upper chord. When using inner trench, side purlin should be as close as possible to the trench.

　　2、实腹式檩条的截面均宜垂直于屋面坡面。对槽钢和Z形钢檀条，宜将上翼缘肢尖(或卷边)朝向屋脊方向，以减小屋面荷载偏心而惹起的扭矩。

　　2. The section of purlin with solid web should be perpendicular to the roof slope. For channel steel and Z-shaped sandalwood bar, it is advisable to orient the tip of upper flange limb (or rolled edge) towards the roof to reduce the torsion caused by eccentricity of roof load.

　　3、桁架式檩条的上弦杆宜垂直于屋架上弦杆，而腹杆和下弦杆宜垂直于空中。

　　3. The upper chord of truss purlin should be perpendicular to the upper chord of roof truss, while the web and lower chord should be perpendicular to the air.

　　4、脊檩计划：实腹式檩条应采用双檩计划，屋脊檩条可用槽钢、角钢或圆钢相连（见下图）。桁架式檩条在屋脊处采用单檩计划时，虽用钢量较省，但檩条型号增加，结构复杂，故普通以采用双檩为宜。

　　4. Ridge Purlin Plan: Real-bellied purlin should adopt double purlin plan. Roof purlin can be connected with channel steel, angle steel or round steel (see figure below). When truss purlin adopts purlin plan at roof, although steel consumption is less, purlin type increases and structure is complex, so double purlin is usually preferred.

　　以上是济南轻型钢结构公司为大家整理的相关内容，想要了解更多内容，欢迎访问网站：http://www.jnghbxg.com

　　The above is the related content of Jinan Light Steel Structure Company. For more information, please visit the website: http://www.jnghbxg.com.